慈云遵式创建的天台寺院制度

闽南佛学院

心皓

内容提要。遵式不但以制忏著称，也重视天台寺院制度的制定。他在杭州天竺寺创建十方讲院，制订了《天竺寺十方住持仪》和《别立众制》等数则寺院制度。《天竺寺十方住持仪》共有十章规范，主要是针对寺院法主而立。《别立众制》是对普通僧众的规范，此一仪制后来被元自庆收录于他所编的《增修教苑清规》一书中。除了《别立众制》外，相对于僧众的日常行事，遵式还制定了《凡入浴室略知十事》和《纂示上厕方法》。四篇仪制均收录于遵式的五世法孙慧观所编的《天竺别集》一书中。遵式所制订的寺院规制为天台教寺在宋代的开展提供了良好的制度保证。

关键词：教院

十方住持

别立众制

共住

themonasteryinstitutioncreatedbymasterci-yunzunshi

byxinhao

abstract：themasterciyunzunshiisfamousnotonlyformakingtheritualsofkşama，butalsoforformulatingtheinstitutionofthetian-taibuddhisttemples.heoncedwelledinthetain-zhu-sitempleofhangzhouwhereheformulatedtheritesfortian-zhu-sitempledwellersfromtenddirectionsandtheinstitutionset-upspeciallyforthesamghaetc.theformerconsistsoftenchaptersdealingwiththeresponsibilityandrightoftheleadingbodyinthetemple，whereasthelatteristogoverningthebehaviorsofmonksinthetemplewhichasasetofpureregulationswerebythemonkziqingintheyuandynastytakenintohistheenlargededitionofpureregulationsforchangarden.besides，themasterzunshialsolaiddownquiteafewinstitutionsliketheoutlinedtenthingsforenteringthebathroomandthenoticesforgoingtothetoilet.allzunshi’swritingsinthisaspectwerebyhisfifthdharmagrandsonhuiguancollectedintothetian-zhu-bie-ji（additionalcollectionoftian-zhu）andprovidesainstitutionalguaranteefortian-taibuddhistmonasteriesdevelopingintheperiodofthesongdynasty.keywords：buddhistmonastery;temple-dwellerfromtendirections;theinstitutionset-upspeciallyforthesamgha

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